Some of the earliest structures were Adobe architecture. Adobe is a material made from sand, clay and straw, dung or other fibrous materials.
The adobe is then formed into bricks using frames and dried in the sun. Similar to cob or mud bricks, the structures become extremely durable. They are used mainly in hot, arid climates because they remain cool in the summer and release heat very slowly in the winter.
The same mixture, without the straw is used for mortar in placing the dried adobe bricks together to form a structure. Some cultures even figured out they could utilize lime-based cement for plaster to protect against the wet months.
The thickness of the adobe bricks is key in the architecture. It is what essentially keeps the structures cool in the summer and warm in the winter.
The largest structure ever erected from Adobe was the Bam Citadel. But it suffered serious damage from an earthquake in 2003.
The Huaca del Sol in Peru is another grand adobe structure that was created from over 100 million signed bricks.
The worlds largest adobe architecture structure is the citadel of Arg-e Bam, erected as late as 500BCE, possibly...
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