You may walk into almost any office nowadays, big or small, hi-tech or low-tech, or even in some homes and find a fax machine. Fax (short term for facsimile, which in Latin means “make a copy”) is a modern telecommunications technology which allows the transfer of copies of documents from one location to another via telephone lines. It usually consists of a scanner, a printer and a modem. When the original document is fed into the fax machine, the scanner converts the physical document into a digital image. It then sends the data into the modem which then sends it to another device using telephone lines. Lastly, the printer from the receiving end produces a printed copy of the transmitted data.
The fax machine was conceptualized by Alexander Bain, a Scottish mechanic, in 1843 using his knowledge of electric clock pendulums. He used this idea to create a back and forth, line by line scanning mechanism using a stylus mounted on a pendulum. This technique involves transcribing the document to be scanned into a metal plate. It was not until 1865 that the pantelegraphe, the world’s first practical fax machine, was introduced in the world market. This was...
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