What Is HCG?

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The HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) examination is done to assess the quantity of the hormone HCG in blood or urine in order to check whether a female is pregnant. HCG is formed by the placenta in pregnancy.

HCG may also be produced unusually by certain tumors, particularly those that originate from an egg or sperm cell (germ cell tumors). Normally, HCG levels are tested in a woman who may have irregular tissue developing in her uterus, a molar pregnancy, or a cancer in the uterus rather than a normal pregnancy. Various HCG examinations may be made after a spontaneous abortion to be sure a molar pregnancy is not present. In a man, HCG levels may be valuated to help observe whether he has cancer of the testes.

Once the fertilized egg embeds, the growing placenta starts discharging HCG into blood. Some HCG also gets into the urine. HCG can be detected in the blood before the first missed menstrual period, as early as six days after implantation.

HCG helps to preserve pregnancy and have an effect on the growth of the fetus. HCG levels increase gradually in the first 14 to 16 weeks following the last...

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